October 4, 2019 / Reid M. Jacobs, APHSW-C, MSW
Pain, symptoms, suffering. These are common fears for people with terminal illness, as well as their families. And these are legitimate concerns. Advanced disease affects all parts of the body often causing pain but a host of other symptoms from difficulty breathing, swelling, loss of function, confusion and I could go on. One of the bigger issues caused by all of these is suffering. Surprisingly, not everyone who experiences these symptoms feels a sense of suffering. But that’s a different for a different day.
Suffering can take many forms, perhaps directly related to the illness of symptom, but also from fear, distress, and spiritual concerns as well. These forms of suffering can’t always be treated with medications. So, how do we manage these issues when medications don’t work? This is when we turn to non-pharmacological interventions.
Non-pharmacological is just a big word that refers to interventions other than medications. And a lot of options exist in this category. Hospice and palliative care take a holistic approach, addressing mind, body, and spirit. Our interventions address all these aspects as well.
Non-pharmacological interventions through Faith & Hope include (among other options)
Some of these can be used to directly manage physical symptoms. Acupuncture and meditation, for example, are great at managing pain. Guided imagery can help with breathing and sleep. Massage and comfort touch and help with selling and anxiety. Even swearing can be an effective option. (Read more about that here.) The Faith & Hope team will assess the individual’s needs and offer what best suited for each person.
Like medications, non-pharmacological interventions don’t work for every person and the duration of the intervention will vary based on the symptoms being addressed. Unlike their medical counterparts, non-pharmacological interventions have much less chance for negative side effects. The risk for side effects is still present though. Acupuncture has a risk of infection at the puncture site. Some may have mild allergic reactions to herbal remedies, especially if they have seasonal allergies. Patients with damage to the liver or kidney cannot efficiently filter the blood. This can be dangerous as medications and the byproducts of supplements can build up in the system. These side effects are uncommon and usually mild, but it’s good to be aware of them.
Again, taking the holistic approach, other non-pharmacological interventions can be used to address psychological, emotional, and/or spiritual suffering. For cases like these, our team might utilize talk therapy, journaling, and even coloring. In fact, the use of adult coloring books can be surprisingly effective.
In all, Faith & Hope Hospice and Palliative Care makes use of all the resources available to us. Our doctors are skilled at using medications to address pain and symptoms, but we are not limited to medications. Faith and Hope has made it a priority to incorporate all the resources to address suffering al all sorts. Providing hospice care in Los Angeles and the surrounding areas gives us a lot of resources thanks to the diversity of cultures and people in Southern California.
If you have questions about non-pharmacological interventions or how we can support you or your loved one, just call us at 818-559-1460 or email to [email protected]
Faith and Hope Hospice
We firmly believe that the internet should be available and accessible to anyone, and are committed to providing a website that is accessible to the widest possible audience, regardless of circumstance and ability.
To fulfill this, we aim to adhere as strictly as possible to the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1) at the AA level. These guidelines explain how to make web content accessible to people with a wide array of disabilities. Complying with those guidelines helps us ensure that the website is accessible to all people: blind people, people with motor impairments, visual impairment, cognitive disabilities, and more.
This website utilizes various technologies that are meant to make it as accessible as possible at all times. We utilize an accessibility interface that allows persons with specific disabilities to adjust the website’s UI (user interface) and design it to their personal needs.
Additionally, the website utilizes an AI-based application that runs in the background and optimizes its accessibility level constantly. This application remediates the website’s HTML, adapts Its functionality and behavior for screen-readers used by the blind users, and for keyboard functions used by individuals with motor impairments.
If you’ve found a malfunction or have ideas for improvement, we’ll be happy to hear from you. You can reach out to the website’s operators by using the following email
Our website implements the ARIA attributes (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) technique, alongside various different behavioral changes, to ensure blind users visiting with screen-readers are able to read, comprehend, and enjoy the website’s functions. As soon as a user with a screen-reader enters your site, they immediately receive a prompt to enter the Screen-Reader Profile so they can browse and operate your site effectively. Here’s how our website covers some of the most important screen-reader requirements, alongside console screenshots of code examples:
Screen-reader optimization: we run a background process that learns the website’s components from top to bottom, to ensure ongoing compliance even when updating the website. In this process, we provide screen-readers with meaningful data using the ARIA set of attributes. For example, we provide accurate form labels; descriptions for actionable icons (social media icons, search icons, cart icons, etc.); validation guidance for form inputs; element roles such as buttons, menus, modal dialogues (popups), and others. Additionally, the background process scans all the website’s images and provides an accurate and meaningful image-object-recognition-based description as an ALT (alternate text) tag for images that are not described. It will also extract texts that are embedded within the image, using an OCR (optical character recognition) technology. To turn on screen-reader adjustments at any time, users need only to press the Alt+1 keyboard combination. Screen-reader users also get automatic announcements to turn the Screen-reader mode on as soon as they enter the website.
These adjustments are compatible with all popular screen readers, including JAWS and NVDA.
Keyboard navigation optimization: The background process also adjusts the website’s HTML, and adds various behaviors using JavaScript code to make the website operable by the keyboard. This includes the ability to navigate the website using the Tab and Shift+Tab keys, operate dropdowns with the arrow keys, close them with Esc, trigger buttons and links using the Enter key, navigate between radio and checkbox elements using the arrow keys, and fill them in with the Spacebar or Enter key.Additionally, keyboard users will find quick-navigation and content-skip menus, available at any time by clicking Alt+1, or as the first elements of the site while navigating with the keyboard. The background process also handles triggered popups by moving the keyboard focus towards them as soon as they appear, and not allow the focus drift outside it.
Users can also use shortcuts such as “M” (menus), “H” (headings), “F” (forms), “B” (buttons), and “G” (graphics) to jump to specific elements.
We aim to support the widest array of browsers and assistive technologies as possible, so our users can choose the best fitting tools for them, with as few limitations as possible. Therefore, we have worked very hard to be able to support all major systems that comprise over 95% of the user market share including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Opera and Microsoft Edge, JAWS and NVDA (screen readers).
Despite our very best efforts to allow anybody to adjust the website to their needs. There may still be pages or sections that are not fully accessible, are in the process of becoming accessible, or are lacking an adequate technological solution to make them accessible. Still, we are continually improving our accessibility, adding, updating and improving its options and features, and developing and adopting new technologies. All this is meant to reach the optimal level of accessibility, following technological advancements. For any assistance, please reach out to